Question No 54: What are central traits, and where do they fit in Allport's hierarchy?
Answer: Central traits are general characteristics found in varying degrees in every person and serve as the basic building blocks that shape most of our behavior.
Question No 55: Explain secondary traits in Allport's hierarchy and provide an example.
Answer: Secondary traits are less obvious and consistent, only present under specific circumstances. For example, a usually friendly person getting angry when tickled is an illustration of a secondary trait.
Question No 56: How did Allport differentiate between genotypes and phenotypes in understanding personality?
Answer: Allport referred to genotypes as internal forces related to information processing and interaction with the world, while phenotypes are external forces related to accepting one's surroundings and the influence of others on behavior.
Question No 57: How did Raymond Cattell contribute to the field of personality psychology?
Answer: Cattell analyzed and condensed Allport's list of traits into 16 factors using factor analysis, which laid the foundation for his theory of personality.
Question No 58: What are the four sources of traits described by Cattell in his theory?
Answer: The four sources of traits are common traits, unique traits, surface traits, and source traits.
Question No 59: Can you explain the difference between introversion and extraversion in Cattell's personality dimensions?
Answer: Introversion involves directing attention inward, while extraversion focuses on external factors. Introverts are quiet and reserved, while extraverts are sociable and outgoing.
