Question No 37: How can emotional factors, such as emotional adjustability and maturity, influence growth and development?
Answer: Emotional factors significantly impact an individual's growth and development. Someone overwhelmed by negative emotions like fear or anger may face challenges in physical, mental, social, moral, and language development. Emotional control is crucial for overall well-being.
Question No 38: How does a person's social nature contribute to their growth and development?
Answer: Socialization is essential for an individual's growth and development. Through interactions with their environment and society, a person learns valuable lessons, making social nature a key factor in their overall development.
Question No 39: Can you describe some external factors that influence growth and development during pregnancy?
Answer: External factors during pregnancy can include the physical and mental health of the mother, the presence of multiple fetuses, the quality and quantity of nutrition received by the embryo, exposure to harmful radiation or toxins, and the circumstances of delivery.
Question No 40: Explain Growth Patterns (Cephalo-caudal & Proximo-distal) in human development?
Answer:
Cephalo-caudal (head to tail):
· This pattern describes the sequence in which growth and development occur from the head down to the feet.
· In other words, during early development, the head and upper parts of the body tend to grow and develop first, followed by the lower parts.
· For example, when babies are born, their heads are proportionally larger compared to the rest of their bodies. As they grow, other body parts, such as the trunk and legs, catch up in size.
Proximo-distal (near to far):
· This pattern refers to the order in which growth and development happen from the center of the body outward.
· It means that parts of the body closer to the center (proximal) develop earlier than those farther away (distal).
· An example of proximo-distal development is the way a baby's limbs develop. The arms, closer to the body's center, develop and gain control before the fingers and toes, which are more distal.
Question No 40: What is learning?
Answer: Learning is modification of behavior through experience"
OR
Learning denotes changes in behavior due to activity, training or experience.
For example, imagine you've never ridden a bicycle before. As you practice and gain experience, you learn how to balance, pedal, and steer. The changes in your ability to ride the bike represent learning. It's not just knowing about riding a bike; it's the actual change in your behavior and skills that happen because of your experiences and practice.
