Geography Class 6th MCQs=483

Globe: If we draw an accurate map of earth on a round body like a football, it will become a model of the earth. It is called globe.
Map: Map Is a representation of the whole earth or part of it on a flat surface (paper) according to a given scale.
Globe is round and map is flat.
Globe represents the whole earth while map can represent a small portion of earth.
Maps are drawn on the basis of directions. East, West, North, and South are primary directions. These are called cardinal points.
There is four more direction between the cardinal points. These are called secondary direction.
Types of North:  1) True North   2) Magnetic North
True North: It is also called geographic North. And we find this side on the help of the star and shown on map arrow.
Magnetic North: Our earth has a magnetic field and like a magnetic bar it has two ends i.e. magnetic North and magnetic South. Magnetic North can be traced by an instrument known as magnetic compass.
Magnetic north is situated near North Pole in the Canadian island of prince Wales.
Scale: A ratio is established between ground and map distance is called scale. (1m=1cm)
Types of scale: 1) Statement of scale        2)Representative Fraction   3) Linear scale
Statement of scale: As a statement i.e. 1cm=1metre this is called statement of scale.
Representative Fraction:   In this type the scale is expressed as fraction, e.g. If 1/10,000 or 1:10,000 means that a unit distance (cm) of the map represent 10,000 units (cm) of the ground.
Linear scale: It is also called plain scale. It is a line of suitable length given on the map and is divided into equal distance.
Longitudes: Lines on the globe drawn in North – South directions are called longitudes.
Prime meridian: The central line is on zero (0) degree and called Prime Meridian.

Latitudes:  Parallel lines have been drawn on the globe from east to west is called latitudes. These degrees are 180 in number (90 degree northern latitudes and 90 degrees southern latitudes.
Equator: It is 0⁰. The central line between the latitudes lines which divides the earth in to two equal parts is called equator.

Tropic of cancer (خط سرطان): This line is located at 23  degree in the north of equator.
Tropic of Capricorn (خط جدی): This line is located at 23  degree in the south of equator.
Arctic line (دایرہ قطب شمالی): Arctic line is located in the north of equator at 66   degree.
Antarctic Line (دایرہ قطب جنوبی): Antarctic line is located in the south of equator at 66   degree.
Pakistan’s time is 5 hours ahead (+5) of London.
Earth rotates from west to east.

Greenwich Mean Time GMT:
The time is determined from prime meridian or 0 longitudes.
The time is determined from prime meridian or 0 longitudes.
The countries which are located to the East of zero longitude (Greenwich) are ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time.

The countries which are located to the West of Greenwich are behind the Greenwich Mean Time.
There is a difference of 4 minutes between two longitudes.
International dateline: It passes along the 180⁰ meridian. It is called date line because day in the world starts from this line.
Methods of showing relief of earth on map: 1) Contour line             2) Layer tints
Contour line: Contours are drawn to show altitude on the map. “These are lines on the map which joins areas of equal height from the sea level.
Layer Tints: Different areas are shown by different color layers e.g. plains and forest is shown by different shades of green color, mountain by brown and snowy by white color.