The system which helps us to take
food, digest and absorb it in the body to gain
energy is called digestive system.
Oral cavity or Buccal Cavity or Mouth or Ingestion:
Oral cavity is lined by lips. It contains teeth and
tongue.
Tongue has taste buds for test and texture.
Salivary glands also found in mouth.
It also contains enzyme ptlin, which perform digestion of carbohydrates.
Oesophagus
Foods enter the oesophagus
which is a long tube that open in to stomach.
Stomach:
Breaks down food into a liquid mixture.
It walls secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and enzyme
pepsin.
Small Intestine: (Absorption):
It is a long, narrow coiled tube.
Its length about six to eight meters.
Its first part just after stomach is calledduodenum
which is about 30cm inlength.
Digestive juice of small intestine is (enzymes) from liver
and pancreas meet with semi digested food coming from the
stomach.
The gallbladder stores bile.
The Enzymes completely digest the food.
The last part of the small intestine is called Villi.
Villi absorb the nutrients (carbohydrates + protein + fates)
and allow them in to the blood.
Large Intestine:
Last part of the digestive system.
Undigested food is stored here for some time.
Remaining waste material is out from the body through anus.
Liver and pancreas are two glands
associative with digestive system.
Liver produce bile and pancreas secretes many enzymes.
Vitamin k is synthesized in the large intestine by useful
bacteria.
Digestion is the process in which complex food components are mechanically
and chemically broken down into its simple components.
When we food broken down by teeth and stomach
this process is called mechanical or physical digestion.
When different chemicals like enzymes are mixed and reached to
every cell of the body is called chemical digestion.
Salivary glands secretion... Ptyalin for Break
down starch into smallsugar molecules.
Stomach secretion……...HCL, pepsin for break
down protein into peptides.
Liver secretion……………Bile for digest fats.
Pancreas secretion………..Pancreatic juice for break
down proteins, carbohydrates and fates.
Respiratory System
Breathing is the process
in which we inhale air through nose and take it in to lungs.
The process of taking the air or oxygen (O2) is called
Inhalation.
The process of removed of air (CO2) is called Exhalation.
After the above process oxygen reaches to every cell of the body.
Nose:
The nose consists of two nostrils.
The process of taking the air or oxygen (O2) is called
Inhalation.
The process of removed of air (CO2) is called Exhalation.
After the above process oxygen reaches to every cell of the body.
Nose:
The nose consists of two nostrils.
The mucus glands in
the nostrils secrets mucus, which traps dust.
Larynx:
The larynx or soundbox is located in the neck.
The air from the nose passes through the pharynx in to the trachea.
Trachea:
The trachea or wind pipe is supported by incomplete
cartilaginous rings.
Trachea opens in lungs.
Bronchi:
The trachea divides in to two parts before lungs
are called bronchi.
Each bronchus enters the lungs divide in to small bronchioles. This bronchioles
open in the air sacs called alveoli.
Lungs:
Lungs consist of about seven hundred million alveoli.
Gases exchanges occurs b/w the air and the blood in the thin wall
of alveoli.
A very thick muscular membrane, called diaphragm, separates the
lungs from the abdominal cavity.
The chemical break down of food to release energy is called respiration.
The process of breathing oxygen absorb in to the blood reaches the cell. In the
mitochondria of the cell oxygen is used to
chemically break down (burn) the food.
Pneumonia is a series infection of bronchioles and
alveoli. The bacteria are the common causes of Pneumonia.
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium mycobacterium
tuberculosis, which commonly affect the lungs.
Lung cancer: Cancer is defined as an uncontrolled growth and
division of cell. These cells gather and form tumors. Cell from
the cancer can break away from the original tumor and speared to other parts of
the body. This process is called metastasis.
90% of lung cancers due to tobacco use.
The digested food is absorbed into the blood in the………..
a) Mouth
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Stomach
In human beings, Fat emulsification take place in the presence of bile salts, produced by: NTS PST ----P-6---- 2016 a) stomach b) liver c) brain d) pancreas
