What role do local residents play in Indicative Planning?
a) Setting priorities and developing projects
b) Implementing federal targets
c) Overseeing project allocation
d) Advising government officials
Explanation: Local residents play a significant role in setting priorities and, with expert assistance, developing projects in Indicative Planning.
What is a common characteristic of Sectoral Planning?
a) Comprehensive development in a specific region
b) Scattered developmental efforts
c) Centralized decision-making
d) Community localization
Explanation: Sectoral Planning often results in scattered developmental efforts throughout the country due to limited cooperation among departments.
What distinguishes Imperative or Centralized Planning from Integrated Planning?
a) Simultaneous funding for all agencies
b) Centralization at the federal level
c) Community involvement
d) Scattered developmental efforts
Explanation: Imperative or Centralized Planning involves centralization at the federal level, while Integrated Planning focuses on a specific pilot area.
What is a potential drawback of Integrated Planning in terms of development initiatives?
a) Lack of community involvement
b) Simultaneous funding for all agencies
c) Overlooking other areas in need
d) Slow progress in project implementation
Explanation: A drawback of Integrated Planning is that other areas in need may be overlooked, leading to delayed development initiatives.
What is the primary reason for the need for planning in education?
a) Achieving individual goals
b) Achieving national goals
c) Promoting competition
d) Enhancing personal development
Explanation: The need for planning in education is crucial for aligning educational efforts with broader national goals.
What is the forward-looking nature of planning in education?
a) Past-oriented
b) Present-focused
c) Future-oriented
d) Time-neutral
Explanation: Planning in education is a forward-looking process involving forecasting, goal setting, and objective definition.
