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Which of the following is/are included in the second line of defense?
a) chemicals                        

b) fever
c) WBCs                                               

d) all of these

d


Which of the following is/are NOT included in the second line of defense?
a) mucus membrane          

b) skin
c) WBCs                                               

d) both a and b

d

How the second line of defense works?
a) it stops the entry of germs            
b) kill germs and protects the body              
c) forms antibodies                            

d) all of these

b

Which of the following eating the germ cells?
a) first line of defense
b) second line of defense
c) adaptive immunity        
d) both a and b

b

Explanation:The second line of defense is nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals: Phagocytic cells ingest and destroy all microbes that pass into body tissues. For example macrophages are cells derived from monocytes (a type of white blood cell).



Face mask, gloves and sanitizer help which of the following type of immunity?
a) first line of defense
b) second line of defense
c) adaptive immunity       
d) passive immunity

a

Adaptive Immunity:
Adaptive immune responses are the basis for effective immunization against infectious diseases. The cells of the adaptive immune system include: antigen-specific T cells, which are activated to proliferate through the action of APCs, and B cells which differentiate into plasma cells to produce antibodies.